Question – What is Respiration ?
Answer – Respiration is a vital process that occurs in the cells of living organisms, essential for their survival. It involves the release of energy from the food consumed by the organism. There are two main types of respiration – Aerobic and Anaerobic respiration.
- Aerobic Respiration- This type of respiration occurs in the presence of oxygen. Oxygen inhaled by organisms is utilised to break down glucose into carbon dioxide and water, releasing energy in the process. The oxygen aids in the breakdown of food substances within the cells in a process known as cellular respiration.
Equation of Aerobic Respiration– C6H12O6 (glucose) + 6O2 (oxygen) → 6CO2 (carbon dioxide) + 6H2O (water) + Energy
- Anaerobic Respiration- This is the type of respiration that occurs without the use of oxygen. It commonly takes place during heavy exercises when the supply of oxygen to the muscle cells is not sufficient, resulting in the breakdown of food without the involvement of oxygen.
Equation of Anaerobic Respiration– C6H12O6 (glucose) → 2C3H6O3 (lactic acid) + Energy
Breathing and Gas Exchange- Breathing is an integral part of the respiration process. During breathing, organisms take in oxygen-rich air and expel air that is rich in carbon dioxide. Different organisms have different respiratory organs for the exchange of these gases. For instance, humans and animals like cows and dogs use lungs for this purpose, while fishes use gills, and insects utilise tracheae. In plants, the roots absorb air present in the soil, and leaves have tiny pores called stomata which facilitate the exchange of gases.
In conclusion, respiration is a fundamental biological process involving the breakdown of glucose to release energy, with the involvement of oxygen in aerobic respiration and its absence in anaerobic respiration, aiding in the survival and functioning of living organisms.
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