CBSE Class Notes Online – Classnotes123
CBSE Class Notes, Worksheets, Question Answers, Diagrams , Definitions , Diffrence between , Maths Concepts, Science Facts Online – Classnotes123
The periodic table is a scientific chart that organizes elements by atomic number and reveals patterns in chemical behavior. It helps explain how atoms bond, react and form substances. From noble gases to alkali metals, each group shares unique properties, all guided by electron structure-a key to understanding the elements of the universe.
The Periodic Table of Elements: What It Is and How It Works Read More
Transition elements, or d-block metals (Groups 3–12), feature partially filled d-orbitals and exhibit unique properties such as variable oxidation states, colored compounds, and catalytic activity. Located centrally on the periodic table, they have high atomisation enthalpy due to strong metallic bonding and unpaired d-electrons. Inner transition elements include lanthanides and actinides with f-orbitals.
What Are Transition Elements? Properties, Periodic Table Location, and Atomisation Enthalpy Read MoreTemperature is measured using the property of thermal expansion, where matter increases in volume with heat due to increased particle motion. This expansion is predictable and used in thermometers and other devices. As temperature rises, particle spacing increases, causing expansion in solids, liquids, and gases, making thermal expansion a reliable way to measure temperature.
Which Property of Matter Is Used to Measure Temperature? Read MoreLatent heat of steam is the energy required to convert water into steam without a temperature change. Water’s strong hydrogen bonds make its latent heat exceptionally high, requiring 2260 kJ/kg at 100°C. This property is essential in power plants, cooking, industries, and weather systems, making steam an efficient heat carrier in various applications.
Why is the Latent Heat of Steam So High? Find the Answer Read More
Why Steam Burns Are More Dangerous Than Boiling Water Burns | Explained
Why Steam Burns Are More Dangerous Than Boiling Water Burns Read More
Latent heat is the energy required to change a substance’s phase without temperature change. Learn how latent heat of fusion helps ice melt and how latent heat of vaporization turns water into steam. Understand key formulas, real-life examples, and heating curves to grasp how heat energy affects melting, boiling, freezing, and condensation.
What is Latent Heat? Fusion & Vaporization Explained with Real-Life Applications Read More
The Latent Heat of Fusion formula helps calculate the heat energy needed to melt or freeze a substance without changing its temperature. This guide explains the formula Q = m × L, breaks down step-by-step calculations, and compares it with other heat equations. Perfect for students and physics enthusiasts looking for clear and practical explanations.
Latent Heat of Fusion Formula- Easy Explanation with Formula & Examples Read MoreDiscover angiosperms, the largest group of plants. This article explores their distinctive characteristics, reproductive mechanisms, and classification. Learn how angiosperms develop from flowers to fruits, and understand their significant roles in ecosystems. Gain insights into the unique biological processes that define angiosperms, from pollination to seed development.
Angiosperms- Characteristics, Classification, and Reproductive Biology Read MoreThe gymnosperm life cycle involves distinct phases from spore production to seed maturation. Key stages include spore formation, pollination by wind, and seed development without fruit enclosures, showcasing the alternation between dominant sporophyte and reduced gametophyte stages. This lifecycle enables gymnosperms like pines and redwoods to thrive across diverse environments.
Gymnosperm Life Cycle with Pine Tree Example Read More
Gymnosperms, seed-producing vascular plants, lack flowers and fruits, exposing their seeds on cone scales. Originating in the Paleozoic era, their characteristics include naked seeds, needle-like leaves, and wind pollination. Divided into four groups—Cycadophyta, Coniferophyta, Ginkgophyta, Gnetophyta—they play crucial ecological roles and have significant economic value in food, medicine, and industry.
Gymnosperm Overview- Characteristics, Classification, Life Cycle, Examples, and Economic Impact Read More