Chloroplast – Definition, Structure, Distribution, function and Diagram

Chloroplasts, found in plant cells, are defined as organelles that contain chlorophyll. They have a complex structure with outer and inner membranes, stroma, thylakoid membranes and grana. Functionally, chloroplasts play a key role in photosynthesis. They convert light energy into chemical energy, produce ATP and oxygen and fixing carbon dioxide. The diagrams illustrate the structure and functions of chloroplasts in plant metabolism.

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mitochondria short note

Short Note on Mitochondria

Mitochondria, the ‘Powerhouse of the cell’, are double-membrane organelles found in eukaryotic organisms. They function as the cell’s digestive system and play an important role in energy production through oxidative phosphorylation. With their unique structure and multiple functions, mitochondria regulate metabolism, promote cell growth, detoxify ammonia, induce apoptosis and maintain calcium ion balance, making them essential for cellular activities.

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Endocytosis and Exocytosis - Differences , Similarities ,Roles, Steps , Types

Endocytosis and Exocytosis – Differences , Similarities ,Roles, Steps , Types

Endocytosis and Exocytosis are cellular processes used to move molecules in and out of cells, respectively. Endocytosis involves the formation of a vesicle to engulf and transport molecules into the cell, while exocytosis involves the fusion of a vesicle with the plasma membrane to release molecules out of the cell. These processes play important roles in nutrient uptake, waste elimination, cell communication etc.

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What is Endocytosis – Class 9

Endocytosis allows cells to take in external materials by forming vesicles that fuse with the cell membrane. This process is vital for nutrient uptake and immune function. There are three steps and three types of Endocytosis. Phagocytosis engulfs particles, while Pinocytosis takes up fluids and solutes. Receptor-Mediated Endocytosis uses specific receptors to target and internalise molecules.

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What is Endocytosis

Endocytosis -Definition, Mechanism, Types, Examples

Endocytosis is a cellular process by which cells absorb molecules and particles from the external environment by engulfing them within a vesicle. There are three main types of endocytosis – phagocytosis, pinocytosis, and receptor-mediated endocytosis. Endocytosis plays a crucial role in nutrient uptake, immune defence and cellular signalling. Examples of endocytosis include the uptake of bacteria by immune cells and the absorption of nutrients by intestinal cells.

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What is the Role of Chromosomes in Cell Division ?

Role of Chromosomes in Cell Division explained in details by explaining Role of Chromosomes in interphase, Role of Chromosomes in mitosis ,Role of Chromosomes in Cytokinesis

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