Choloroplast
Chloroplast is a type of cell organelle which is found in Plant cells and Algae. It is a membrane bound cell organelle containing pigments called chlorophyll . Chloroplast is responsible for photosynthesis . Chloroplasts contain chlorophyll and other pigments that absorb light and use it to drive the synthesis of glucose from carbon dioxide and water.
Diagram of a Chloroplast
Description of Chloroplast Diagram labels is as follows-
Thylakoids-Thylakoids are the membrane bound structural units of the chloroplast where the photosynthesis process takes place. They are stacked like Pancakes to form Granum .
Granum – stacks of thylakoids are called as granum
Starch Granules – Starch granules are the storage forms of glucose in chloroplasts. They are complex Carbohydrates stored in chloroplast as a source of energy.
Chloroplast DNA- Chloroplast DNA contains the genetic information required for the functioning of the chloroplast to carry out photosynthesis.
Lamella – Lamella of the chloroplast is the thin, stacked, and flattened membranous layers that make up the thylakoid system within the chloroplast.
Ribosomes– Ribosomes are small structures which are responsible for protein synthesis in the chloroplast. These proteins are necessary for the function and maintenance of the chloroplast.
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Stroma – Stroma is the gel-like matrix inside the chloroplast . It surrounds the thylakoids and the granum, where many of the metabolic processes necessary for photosynthesis occur.
Drops of lipids– Chloroplasts contain tiny droplets of lipids or fats. They are stored in the stroma of the chloroplast as a source of Energy.
Inner membrane – It is the innermost layer of the chloroplast membrane, which is responsible for separating the stroma from the Intermembrane space.
Intermembrane space- It is the space between the inner and outer membranes of the chloroplast. It allows for the exchange of materials between the stroma and the cytoplasm of the cell.
Outer membrane – The outermost layer of the chloroplast membrane, which serves to protect the chloroplast and regulate the flow of materials in and out of the chloroplast. It is the outer boundary that separates it from the cytoplasm of the plant cell.
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