Mitosis- “Equational Division”
Mitosis is called the “Equational Division” because it results in the equal distribution of chromosomes to each of the daughter cells that are genetically identical to the parent cell.
In the process of Mitosis, the chromosomes replicate, condense, and align in the center of the cell. The chromosomes are then separated and pulled to opposite poles of the cell by the spindle apparatus. As a result, each daughter cell receives an exact copy of the chromosomes from the original cell, ensuring that the chromosome number is maintained and each daughter cell is genetically identical to the parent cell.
The term “Equational Division” refers to the equal distribution of chromosomes between the two daughter cells in Mitosis.
This is in contrast to meiosis, which is referred to as “reductive division” because it results in the reduction of the chromosome number by half. During meiosis, homologous chromosomes pair up, exchange genetic information, and then separate into different daughter cells. As a result, each daughter cell receives a unique combination of chromosomes and is genetically distinct from both the parent cell and the other daughter cell.
Also Check – What is the Role of Chromosomes in Cell Division ?
Also Check – 7 Important Difference Between Mitosis and Meiosis
Meiosis- “Reduction Division”
Meiosis is called the “Reduction Division” because it results in the reduction of chromosome number by half.
In the process of Meiosis, the chromosomes are replicated and then separated into two rounds of cell division. In the first meiotic division, homologous chromosomes, which are pairs of chromosomes with the same genes, are separated from each other. In the second meiotic division, the replicated chromosomes are separated, resulting in four genetically diverse daughter cells, each with half the number of chromosomes as the parent cell.
Also Check – Is Meiosis part of the Cell Cycle?
Meiosis is unique to sexually reproducing organisms and plays a crucial role in the formation of sperm and egg cells or gametes. The reduction of chromosome number by half during meiosis allows for the formation of genetically diverse offspring, which increases genetic diversity and helps to ensure the survival of the species in changing environments.
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Also Check -Mitosis and Meiosis detailed Explanation
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