Short note on Immune System

The Immune system is the body’s defence mechanism against infections and diseases. It is composed of a network of cells, tissues, and organs that work together to protect the body from harmful pathogens like bacteria, viruses, and foreign bodies.

Parts Of Immune System

White Blood Cells (Leukocytes) 

• These are the main players in the immune response. They are produced in the bone marrow and circulate throughout the body in the blood and lymphatic system. There are different types of white blood cells, including lymphocytes (B cells and T cells) and phagocytes, each playing a unique role in immune defence.

Antibodies

• Produced by B cells, antibodies are proteins that specifically target and neutralise foreign pathogens like bacteria and viruses.

The Lymphatic System

• This is a network of vessels and nodes that transports lymph, a fluid containing infection-fighting white blood cells, throughout the body.
• Thymus, Spleen, and Bone Marrow- These organs are involved in the production and maturation of immune cells.

Skin and Mucous Membranes

• These act as the first line of defence, creating physical barriers that prevent pathogens from entering the body.

How Immune System Works

• Innate Immunity- This is your body’s first response to germs and is not specific to any one germ. It includes barriers like skin and actions of certain white blood cells.
• Adaptive Immunity- This part of your immune system learns to recognize specific germs so that it can fight them better if they come back. It includes making antibodies, which are special proteins that can grab onto and help destroy germs.

Vaccines

Vaccines are shots that help your immune system learn to fight specific germs without making you sick, so you’re protected if you ever come into contact with those germs for real.

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