CBSE Class Notes Online – Classnotes123
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The Greek War of Independence, a pivotal 19th-century event, liberated Greece from centuries of Ottoman rule. Fueled by nationalism, Enlightenment ideals, and Philhellenism, it culminated in the 1821 revolution led by figures like Kolokotronis and supported by international volunteers like Lord Byron. The subsequent Treaty of Constantinople birthed modern Greece, inspiring similar movements and igniting a cultural renaissance.
Greek War of Independence Read MoreThe chapter “The Rise of Nationalism in Europe” outlines how the French Revolution ignited nationalism by promoting citizen-centric identity over monarchical rule. It explores the spread of nationalism via Napoleonic reforms, revolutions, and the unification of Italy and Germany, emphasising the role of cultural elements like language and allegories in shaping national identities, and how nationalism evolved into imperialism, setting the stage for World War I.
The Rise of Nationalism in Europe – Class 10 – Notes Read MoreThe Balkans, Europe’s region of intense nationalist fervour and imperial competition in the late 19th-early 20th centuries, reshaped Europe’s map and nationalism’s concept. Ottoman dominance, shifting nationalist sentiments, and imperial rivalries fueled conflicts. Balkan Wars and alliances led to WWI’s outbreak. The aftermath spurred global anti-imperial movements, shaping the evolution of the nation-state concept worldwide.
The Balkans – Nationalism, Imperialism, and World War I Read More
The Napoleonic Code, established in 1804 by Napoleon Bonaparte, revolutionised European legal systems, abolishing birth privileges and ensuring equality before the law. It secured property rights and simplified administrative divisions, impacting regions under French control. Despite criticisms, its principles spread, shaping modern legal frameworks worldwide and liberating societies from feudal and guild restrictions.
Napoleon and the Napoleonic Code- Impact on European Societies and Legal Systems Read More
The Napoleonic Code, instituted in 1804 by Napoleon Bonaparte, aimed to revolutionize French law, embodying principles of the French Revolution. It abolished birth privileges, ensured legal equality, and protected property rights. Its influence spread globally, shaping legal systems and promoting economic freedom. Despite criticism, its legacy endures, laying the foundation for modern legal frameworks worldwide.
Napoleonic Code – Class 10 Read More
Otto von Bismarck, known as the “Iron Chancellor,” was the Prussian statesman who masterminded German unification. Serving as Prime Minister, he skillfully used diplomacy and wars against Austria and France to consolidate German states under Prussian leadership, ultimately proclaiming the German Empire in 1871. His Realpolitik approach significantly shaped modern Germany’s political
Otto von Bismarck- Architect of German Unification Read More
Mazzini’s life and work were characterised by his unwavering commitment to the cause of Italian unification and the spread of democratic ideals, making him a pivotal figure in the history of nationalism in Europe.
Giuseppe Mazzini – Italian Revolutionary thinker Read More
Garibaldi’s life was marked by his unwavering commitment to the cause of Italian unification, his ability to inspire and lead volunteers, and his adaptability in the face of changing political circumstances. His legacy is that of one of the most celebrated Italian freedom fighters, whose actions were instrumental in the creation of a unified Italy.
Giuseppe Garibaldi- Italian freedom fighter Read More
Cavour’s role in the Italian unification was marked by his diplomatic acumen, strategic military planning, and ability to navigate the complex political landscape of the time, ultimately contributing to the consolidation of Italy as a nation-state
Write a note on Count Camillo de Cavour Read More
What was The Rowlatt Act? Rowlatt Act was an oppressive act Introduced by the British government in 1919. It gave the government enormous powers to repress political activities and allow …
What was The Rowlatt Act? How did the Indian show their disapproval towards the act? Read More