Class 9 Science- Chapter 1- Matter In Our Surroundings – Activity 1.11: Observing States of Matter in Daily Life Scenarios

Activity 1.11: Observing States of Matter in Daily Life Scenarios

Objective

To identify and understand the different states of matter (solid, liquid, and gas) by observing examples in everyday life.

Materials Needed

• Observations from the surroundings.
• Common items like a book, water, air, or steam.

Steps to Perform the Activity

1. Identify Solids:
   • Look around and observe objects such as a book, pen, or chair.
   • Note their fixed shapes, boundaries, and inability to flow.
2. Identify Liquids:
   • Observe water, milk, or oil in a container.
   • Check how these substances take the shape of the container but retain their volume.
3. Identify Gases:
   • Notice the air you breathe or steam coming from boiling water.
   • Observe how these substances do not have a fixed shape or volume and occupy the entire space available.

Observations

1. Solids:
   • Solids like books and pens have a definite shape and boundaries.
   • They do not flow or spread on their own.
2. Liquids:
   • Liquids like water and oil take the shape of their container.
   • They flow and can be poured but retain a fixed volume.
3. Gases:
   • Gases like air and steam do not have a definite shape or volume.
   • They spread and fill any available space completely.

Also Check – Chapter 1 -MATTER IN OUR SURROUNDINGS -Class 9 – Simplified notes

Concepts Behind the Activity

1. Properties of Solids:
   • Particles are tightly packed with strong forces of attraction.
   • They vibrate in place but do not move freely, giving solids a fixed shape and volume.
2. Properties of Liquids:
   • Particles are loosely packed compared to solids, with weaker forces of attraction.
   • This allows particles to move and slide over each other, letting liquids flow while maintaining a fixed volume.
3. Properties of Gases:
   • Particles are far apart and move freely in all directions.
   • Minimal forces of attraction allow gases to occupy all available space without a fixed shape or volume.

Learning Outcomes

1. States of Matter in Daily Life:
   This activity helps identify examples of solids, liquids, and gases around us.
2. Understanding Properties:
   Observing these states shows how particles behave differently in solids, liquids, and gases.
3. Applications:
   • Solid materials are used in construction and manufacturing for their rigidity.
   • Liquids are used in transportation and storage for their ability to flow.
   • Gases are stored in compressed forms for ease of use in industries and homes.

Applications of States of Matter

1. Solids are used for making tools, furniture, and structures due to their stability.
2. Liquids like water and oil are essential for drinking, cooking, and industrial processes.
3. Gases like oxygen and carbon dioxide are vital for respiration and photosynthesis, and they play significant roles in industries.

Intext and additional Question Answers on Activity 1.11: Observing States of Matter in Daily Life Scenarios

Question 1: What do you observe when the piston of the syringe is pushed?

• Gases: The piston moves easily because gases compress due to large spaces between their particles.
• Liquids: The piston moves slightly because liquids are less compressible.
• Solids: The piston resists movement because solids are nearly incompressible.

Question 2: In which case (water, chalk, gas) was the piston easily pushed in?

The piston moves most easily in the case of gas, followed by water (liquid), and not at all in the case of chalk (solid).

Question 3: What do you infer from your observations?

Gases are highly compressible due to large spaces between particles. Liquids are less compressible due to smaller spaces, while solids are nearly incompressible due to tightly packed particles.

Additional Question: How does the arrangement of particles in solids, liquids, and gases explain their compressibility?

• Solids: Tightly packed particles with minimal space make them incompressible.
• Liquids: Particles are close but not fixed, allowing slight compression.
• Gases: Particles are far apart with large spaces, making them highly compressible.

Conclusion

This activity demonstrates that solids, liquids, and gases are distinct states of matter with unique properties. Identifying their behaviors in everyday scenarios helps us understand how matter interacts with its surroundings and serves different purposes in our lives.