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Plants obtain the raw materials necessary for photosynthesis through gas exchange via the stomata and absorption by the roots. Land plants absorb carbon dioxide from the atmosphere, while aquatic plants absorb dissolved CO₂ from water. The water is absorbed by the roots and transported to the leaves, where it is split into hydrogen and oxygen by photolysis. Plants also need minerals such as nitrogen, phosphorus, iron and magnesium, which are absorbed from the soil.