What is Endocytosis – Class 9

Endocytosis allows cells to take in external materials by forming vesicles that fuse with the cell membrane. This process is vital for nutrient uptake and immune function. There are three steps and three types of Endocytosis. Phagocytosis engulfs particles, while Pinocytosis takes up fluids and solutes. Receptor-Mediated Endocytosis uses specific receptors to target and internalise molecules.

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What is Endocytosis

Endocytosis -Definition, Mechanism, Types, Examples

Endocytosis is a cellular process by which cells absorb molecules and particles from the external environment by engulfing them within a vesicle. There are three main types of endocytosis – phagocytosis, pinocytosis, and receptor-mediated endocytosis. Endocytosis plays a crucial role in nutrient uptake, immune defence and cellular signalling. Examples of endocytosis include the uptake of bacteria by immune cells and the absorption of nutrients by intestinal cells.

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Xylem Diagram

A neatly labeled xylem diagram to understand xylem tissue. Xylem consists of vessel elements, tracheids, fibers and parenchyma cells each with unique functions in water and nutrient transport and structural support. Important features such as cytoplasm, the nucleus and bordered and simple pits are also shown in the diagram. Students can use this easy-to-draw diagram for their assignments and exams.

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Components of Xylem

Xylem is a vital plant tissue responsible for the transport of water and nutrients from the roots to the leaves. It is made up of several components, including tracheids, vessel elements, fibers and parenchyma cells. Tracheids and vessel elements form long tubes that allow for efficient water transport, while fibers provide structural support. Parenchyma cells help with storage and metabolic functions.

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Difference between Xylem and Phloem - explained in details in tabular format

15 Difference between Xylem and Phloem

Xylem and phloem are vital plant tissues with different tasks. Xylem transports water and nutrients upwards from the roots, while the phloem transports sugars from the leaves to other parts of the plant. Their composition, flow direction, location, transport mechanism, speed of movement, response to injury, fibres, distribution, movements and roles within plants provide fascinating insights.

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Phloem Diagram – Longitudinal and Transverse Section Diagram of Phloem Tissue

The Phloem is a plant tissue responsible for translocating organic nutrients and other substances from leaves to other parts of the plant. Longitudinal and Transverse Phloem Diagrams show the internal structure of the tissue, including Sieve tubes, Companion Cells, Phloem Fibers and Phloem Parenchyma cells.Netaly labelled easy to draw Phloem Diagram – Longitudinal and Transverse Section Diagram of Phloem Tissue explained with description of Labels

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Xylem - Definition , Structure, Components (Types), Functions And Importance

Xylem – Definition , Structure, Components (Types), Functions And Importance

Xylem is a specialized tissue in vascular plants that transports water and minerals from roots to the rest of the plant. It is composed of tracheids, vessel elements, xylem parenchyma, xylem fibers and xylem rays. Water transport is driven by root pressure and transpiration pull. Xylem provides structural support, stores nutrients and transports signaling molecules. Its transport mechanism is a combination of physical and biological factors.

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Neatly labelled easy to draw diagram of blood vessels - arteries ,veins, capillaries

Blood Vessels Diagram

The blood vessels diagram shows the structure of arteries and veins. Arteries have a thick tunica media layer to handle the high-pressure blood flow while veins have a thinner tunica media and a larger lumen to accommodate a higher volume of blood. the smallest blood vessels have thin endothelial cell walls and a narrow lumen that allows for the exchange of nutrients and waste products with pericytes and red blood cells. A neatly labeled diagram makes it easy to understand.

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How Amoeba Acquires its Food through the Process of Phagocytosis

How Amoeba Acquires its Food through the Process of Phagocytosis

Amoeba, a single-celled organism, acquires its food through the process of phagocytosis. During this process Amoeba uses pseudopodia to engulf its prey and forms a membrane-bound phagosome which fuses with lysosomes to form a phagolysosome. The prey is then digested. Factors such as temperature, pH and food availability affect the efficiency of phagocytosis in amoeba.

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formation of lymph

How Lymph is Formed ?

This article explains the formation of lymph, a colorless body fluid. It highlights that lymph originates as interstitial fluid, which collects in lymphatic capillaries, transforming into lymph. This fluid then passes through the lymphatic system, where it is filtered by lymph nodes before returning to the bloodstream. This process is essential for nutrient delivery, waste removal, and immune system support.

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